Navigation systems

This section is dedicated to enterprises engaged in supply of various navigation systems including satellite – both low-orbit (Цикада (Tsikada) and Transit) and advanced (GPS/GLONASS).

Enterprises Engaged in Supply of Navigation Systems

Attention! The list of enterprises with full details is subject to change in future depending on the inclusion of the Participants into the list and application forms registration.

Enterprise Name

Brief Description

Contact Info

Stand No.

Navigation Systems – Brief Overview

Some time seamen used celestial navigation relying on visual acuity only. As the years went by, the store of navigation instruments was widened with a compass, log-line, lead line, surveying compass and chronometer. Then the time came for an astrolabe, quadrant and later for a sextant – a tool for measuring angular coordinates of celestial objects.

In the middle of the 20th century, radio navigation systems were designed, and later satellite ones. At first, these were low-orbit Transit and Tsikada (Цикада), then the time came for American GPS (Global Positioning System) also known as NAVSTAR, and Russian GLONASS (Global Satellite Navigation System).

Accuracy standards for navigation are specified by Resolution of IMO A529, 1983, and A815, 1995. For civil users, the accuracy of the system is 15 meters with probability 95%. Obtained values are enough for the purposes of common navigation. Control-correcting station (CCS) networks are deployed to extend precision of positioning and check data of satellite navigation systems. Within the coverage (about 300 km), the accuracy from 1 to 5 meters is ensured with probability 95%.

Owing to the regulations of the government of the Russian Federation of 2005 and 2008, the domestic satellite navigation system GLONASS is used more extensively in Russia. Nowadays, the national program of building CCS is being implemented.